Bibliography
Bhatt, Vikram & Galvin, Terrance. Patterns of Living: Architectural Research in India V.2. McGill University Minimum Cost Housing Group. 1994.
"Human Desires are endless. It is like the thirst of a man who drinks salt water: he gets no satisfaction and his thirst is only increased." (Bukkyo Dendo Kyokai, The Teaching of Buddha.)
Bland, John & Saldarriaga, Alberto. Alvaro Ortega - Prearquitectura del bienestar. Escala Ltd.: Bogota, Colombia, 1989.
The works of Colombian Alvaro Ortega who for a great part of his career traveled and worked for the United Nations in social housing projects and experienced with many different building materials.
Buchanan, Peter. Renzo Piano Building Workshop V.1 Phaidon: London, 1993.
Buchanan, Peter. Renzo Piano Building Workshop V.2 Phaidon: London, 1995.
"The Workshop is in the process of engaging in what might be thought of as the organic dimensions of the man made environment."
Cherfas, Jeremy. Man Made Life. Basil Blackwell: Oxford, 1982.
Introduction to genetics and genetic engineering
The instructions needed to construct and maintain a living organism are written in a four letter code. The letters are grouped into three letters long. Behind that absurdly simple account lies a great research effort by a diverse body of scientists...
Crowen, Norman. Nature and the Idea of a Man-Made World. MIT Press: Cambridge (Mass), 1995.
Chapter 2: Geometry and the Primacy of Dwelling: "In fixing their place of residence and becoming farmers, the first hunters and gatherers began to consciously manipulate the natural order to gain a better position in it. In this millennium, our capacity to consciously control our individual lives has grown enormously, while our biological formation has changed very little if there has been a change at all. We have extended our evolution beyond our biology through human culture or through feats such as the use of fire, the domestication of animals, management of crops and the invention of language..."
Ellis, Russel & Cuff, Dana. (ed.) Architects' People Oxford University Press: New York, 1989.
"Every man has the right to build the way he wants... Everybody would be entitled to build his own four walls and be responsible for them, Present-day architecture is criminally sterile. The reason is that building stops when the client enters his residence, yet that is precisely when it should begin, and grow like skin on a human organism." from Friedrich Hundertwasser's "Manifesto for the Boycotting of Architecture".
Chapter 5 Human Nature in Architectural Theory: The example of Louis Khan
"The Richards Medical Building, despite his efforts, was nevertheless far from successful as a place to do research... It was an inappropriate container for the various conditions and demands, both predictable and unpredictable." (Peter Smithson)
Chapter 9 Architecture and Human Identity
Frampton, Keneth. Technology, Place & Architecture: The Jerusalem Seminar in Architecture. Rizzoli International Publications: New York, 1998.
Lectures by prominent architects on the topic of Technology, Place & Architecture.
One needs to set these transformations within a wider context, one which, while recognizing the broader consequences of regional urbanization, also acknowledges the way in which building technology has radically changed over the last half century.
Hale, Jonathan A., Building Ideas. John Wiley & Sons, ltd.: Chichester, England, 2000.
Architectural debates: Architecture as Engineering versus Art, The Return to the Body
"From the view that science will eventually explain all natural phenomena and new technologies will evolve to cater for all our needs, came the reduction of the design of buildings to a sub-branch of engineering - controlled not by individuals but by economic and physical forces... from ideas like Violet-le-Duc's great principle of the application of reason to the satisfaction of needs grew the belief that good buildings would come "automatically" - providing the requirements were analyzed correctly and the appropriate technologies and materials were chosen... however, an alternative position can be identified which supports the status of architectural as a cultural, not merely a technical activity... "
Hidalgo, Oscar. Bambu: Su Cultivo y Aplicaciones en: Fabricacion de Papel, Construccion, Arquitectura, Ingenieria, Artesania.Italgrapf: Cali, Colombia, 1974.
Huard, Pierre. Leonard de Vinci Dessins Anatomiques. Les Editions Roger Dacosta: Paris, 1961.
"Leonardo the anatomist of the middle ages. Was not content with superficial studies…but was one of the few of his time to perform human dissections..."
Komendant, August E., 18 years with Architect Louis I. Kahn, Aloray publisher, Englewood, N.J. 1975.
"I have no method of work, I only have principle around which I work, there is no method, there is no system. There is nothing systematic about the servant space and the space it serves because it is only a realization of what I think is true of architecture" (Khan)
What is a laboratory is the main question. Khan had never designed a laboratory before. He had no contact with scientists , their work and habits. … the studio image was very attractive and he though it would provide the best environment also for scientific work.
After the Medical Research Lab was finished, it received an incredible amount of attention for its architecture and engineering. … However, the criticism of doctors working in the lab was not so favorable… complaints of window arrangements and solid block partitions. Glare disturbed equipment, not flexible.
Pawson, John. Minimum, Phaidon Press: London, 1996.
"...an attempt to crystallize some thoughts about the notions of simplicity as it can be applied to architecture and art."
Riera, Oscar. Campus & Community, Rockport Publishers: Rockport (Mass): 1997.
The Shape of Community by Buzz Yudel: "Community is a fragile and precious phenomenon. It forms the foundation for our sense of identity and well-being; indeed it is critical to the survival of our societies..."
Communities of Purpose by John Ruble: "Campuses and their inhabitants constitute a distinct kind of community. With their special mix of permanent and transient populations and a broadly shared sense of purpose..."
Sheppard, Adrian The Montreal Genomics and Proteomics Center: Architectural Guidelines and Program Statement, December 2000.
Sylvester Edward J. & Klotz Lynn C. The Gene Age: Genetic Engineering and the next Industrial Revolution, Charles Scribner’s Sons: New York, 1983.
Raises the ethical questions as well as the impact on the Gene Age on relationships of academia, government and business, the effects on industry and medicine and possible hazards.
Chapter 3 Genes and Genies offers glimpses on modern scientists and the scientific working environment.
"Tom Roberts, bent over a small plastic vial, releases a thin rubber tube from his lips and a stream of clear liquid flows from the attached pipette into the test tube. The quiet laboratory room is not new or particularly modern looking – black stone bench tops, chart on the wall, large jars with small plastic test tubes with a refrigerator to store them. Another man works nearby, equally silent… the soft spoken self-effacing Roberts is performing an engineering feat of dazzling complexity and precision. He is altering the genetic makeup of a colony of bacteria..."
Our popular Image of scientists at leisure was left to us by Einstein: playing classical violin, reading, abhorring physical exercise. But many biochemists are "physical," the kind of people who blow off steam rather easily.
Villegas, Marcelo. Bambusa Guadua. Villegas Editores: Bogota, Colombia , 1989.
Good book on the use of Bamboo throughout Colombia. Useful article by bamboo architect Simon Velez Bamboo: The future of architecture.
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