History and Architecture:
Post-modernism, Disney, and Beyond
Venturi, Complexity and Contradiction, 1966
Vincent Scully with wife Catherine Lynn
Le Corbusier, Vers une architecture, 1923
Influence of Pop Art: collage, pastiche, inspiration from everyday; popular culture media vs. high brow;

Richard Hamilton, Just What Is It That Makes Todays Homes So Different, So Appealing? (1956)

Roy Lichtenstein, Drowning Girl,

 Peter Blake, The Meeting or Have a Nice Day, Mr Hockney, 1981-83
(60s Pop meets 80s post-modernism; monumentality and banality; timeless and transient; Courbet and Pop) from Charles Jencks, What is Post-Modernism? (1986)
Venturis principles
Complexity in architecture;
Ambiguity;
both-and phenomenon;
Double-functioning element;

Ambiguity of perception: parallels in Op Art

Venturi: Ambiguity: This or that to describe ambiguous relationships in architecture

Ambiguity and tension are everywhere in an architecture of complexity and contradiction.
Venturi in practice:

Vanna Venturi House, 1962
Classical elements re-examined on the faade; sign of house; atraditional plan
Vanna Venturi House: View from rear faade
Vanna Venturi House: Schemes IIIB (Section) and IIIA (Front elevation)
Vanna Venturi House
Venturi, Beach House project, 1959
Genealogical lineage

McKim, Mead and White, Low House, Bristol, Rhode Island, 1887

Published in Henry-Russell Hitchcock, Rhode Island Architecture (1939)
In the 1950s, this was a key work in American historiography
Sir Edwin Lutyens, Middlefield, Great Shelford, Cambridgeshire, 1908
Bruce Price, Chandler House and Kent House, Tuxedo Park, NY, 1885-86
Frank Lloyd Wright, Wright House, Oak Park, Illinois, 1889
Kahn, Esherick House, Chestnut Hill, Pennsylvania, 1959-61
Kahn, Fisher House
Quotations

(Robert Stern, Wiseman House, Montauk, NY, 1966-67, and Johnson and Burgee, AT&T Building, 1984)
Venturi, Guild House, 1960-63

(Classical elements re-examined on faade; signage; TV antenna; contextualism)
How is history regarded?
As facadism;
As contextual;
As materiality;
As reference;
As object;
As sign;

Michael Sorkin, Variations on a Theme Park, 1996
Entertainment Architecture: The World of Disney
Slide 25
Epcot Center,Walt Disney World, Orlando, Florida, opened in 1982
(Experimental Prototype Community of Tomorrow)

Pavilion of Italy
Slide 27
Collage in Canalettos Venice or Piranesis views of Rome
Slide 29
Las Vegas: Theme park city
Michael Graves, Dolphin Hotel, Walt Disney World, Lake BuenaVista, Florida, 1987
Michael Graves, Dolphin Hotel, Walt Disney World, Lake BuenaVista, Florida, 1987

Blend of art historical references and Pop imagery: Berninis Triton Fountain
Michael Graves, Dolphin Hotel, Walt Disney World, Lake BuenaVista, Florida, 1987

Pop images of palm trees and fruit
Michael Graves, Swan Hotel, Walt Disney World, Lake BuenaVista, Florida, 1987
Michael Graves, Swan Hotel, Walt Disney World, Lake BuenaVista, Florida, 1987

Stylized scroll
Michael Graves, Swan Hotel, Walt Disney World, Lake BuenaVista, Florida, 1987
Michael Graves, Disney Headquarters, Burbank, CA
Robert Stern, Disney Casting Center, Orlando, Florida, 1989

Part fantasy castle, part small office: Inspired by Venetian palazzo and using Disney characters as decoration

Marketing serious architecture to the masses Paul Goldberger
Robert Stern, Disney BoardWalk, Lake Buena Vista, Florida, 1996

Evoking a turn-of-the-century resort town
Town of Celebration, Florida:

An idealized vision of small town America
Town of Celebration, Florida

Michael Graves, Post Office
Town of Celebration, Florida

Philip Johnson, Town Hall
Where you might expect rows of symmetrical round columns, Johnson gives crowded pillars
Town of Celebration, Florida

Robert Venturi and Denise Scott Brown, SunTrust Bank
Town of Celebration, Florida

Cesar Pelli and Associates, the Googie Cinema
Charles Moore, Piazza dItalia, New Orleans, Louisiana, 1979

Ironic Post-Modernism and radical eclecticism
Content? Italianess  (Trevi Fountain, Orders, Plan of Italy, annual St Josephs festival celebrating Patron Saint, earth colouring)

Aerial view and Site plan: 70-foot long relief map of Italy
References
Charles Moore, Piazza dItalia, New Orleans, Louisiana, 1979

Perspective: Bulls eye ring

 Layered, complex, contradictions
Charles Moore, Piazza dItalia, New Orleans, Louisiana, 1979

South elevation with arch on Lafayette Street
Charles Moore, Piazza dItalia, New Orleans, Louisiana, 1979

Neon panorama and Trevi Fountain, Rome, 1732
5 curved concentric colonnades representing 5 classical orders (Doric, Ionic, Corinthian, Tuscan, Composite) + Sixth: Delicatessen Order
Charles Moore, Piazza dItalia, New Orleans, Louisiana, 1979

Tuscan: unfluted column; Doric: metopes and stainless steel columns; Ionic: water in volutes; Corinthian: acathus-shaped jets; Composite
Charles Moore, Piazza dItalia, New Orleans, Louisiana, 1979

Andrea Palladio, Basilica (elevation), Vicenza, 1550

The arch-lintel combination, known as the Palladian motif and Serliana
Charles Moore, Piazza dItalia, New Orleans, Louisiana, 1979

Bold post-modernism: polychrome; distortions of scale; playful massing; unconventional combinations of materials; complicated waterworks

,
Charles Moore, Piazza dItalia, New Orleans, Louisiana, 1979

,
Charles Jencks and different strands of post-modernism
he identifies six species in his evolutionary tree:
Peter Rose, Canadian Centre for Architecture, Montral, 1989
Peter Rose, with J.V. Righter, and P. Lankin, Pavillon Soixante-Dix, St. Sauveur, QC, 1976-78

Example of the Post-Modern use of elision: unifying disparate elements or shapes
Aisle towers and arch of the central nave merge
Peter Rose, Canadian Centre for Architecture, Montral, 1989

Photomontage by Gabor Szilasi, 1988
Phyllis Lambert, Saidye Bronfman Centre, Montral, 1963-68
Rally in front of the Shaughnessy House in 1973, protesting the demolition of historic buildings in Montral

Phyllis Lambert purchased the building in 1974
Temporary scheme for the CCA in former Hudsons Bay warehouse, 1980
Canadian Centre for Architecture, Montral

Massing models A, B, and C. Ridgway Inc. for the CCA, 1981
Main floor plan for Alternative C addition to the Shaughnessy House, Ridgway Inc., 1981

(Alternative C was the only 1 of the Alternative schemes to include floor plans)
Shaughnessy House at start of construction of the new CCA building, 1985
Peter Rose, Canadian Centre for Architecture, Montral, 1989

Shaughnessy House after restoration by Bilodeau St. Louis Architectes, 1989
Peter Rose, Canadian Centre for Architecture, Montral, 1989

CCA construction site after completion of second vault floor, September 1985
Peter Rose, Canadian Centre for Architecture, Montral, 1989

Plan of the public level
Peter Rose, Canadian Centre for Architecture, Montral, 1989

North and south elevations
Peter Rose, Canadian Centre for Architecture, Montral, 1989

Farm concessions in Montreal in 1660s and Cadastral lines
Peter Rose, Canadian Centre for Architecture, Montral, 1989

Cadastral lines
Peter Rose, Canadian Centre for Architecture, Montral, 1989

Maison-mre of the Soeurs Grises, by Victor Bourgeau, 1869-80
Peter Rose, Canadian Centre for Architecture, Montral, 1989

Cornice and frieze

Shaughnessy House during renovations, 1987

Photos by Clara Gutsche
Peter Rose, Canadian Centre for Architecture, Montral, 1989

Entrance court details: Materiality, 1989
Peter Rose, Canadian Centre for Architecture, Montral, 1989

Scholars Wing, 1989
Future CCA garden site, 1986
Melvin Charney, Plan of the CCA Garden, 1988
Melvin Charney, The allegorical columns of the CCA Garden, 1988
Melvin Charney, The allegorical columns of the CCA Garden, 1988