| Sustainable Tourism
Planning/ Social Aspects |
| Jan. 31 2007 |
| Scope |
| Environmental - biophysical | |
| - Òplan with natureÓ | |
| Economic - developers | |
| - economy (nat. & local) | |
| - host community | |
| Social - people | |
| Political - how decisions are made | |
| Social |
| Needs - work | |
| - housing | |
| - services - school | |
| - health | |
| - water & sewer/utilities | |
| - recreation | |
| - transportation |
| Social (cont.) |
| Community structure | |
| - social support system | |
| Social capital | |
| Social exclusion - deficient education | |
| - migrants | |
| - handicapped | |
| - aged | |
| - women |
| Tourism - benefits |
| Force for peace and understanding | |
| - idea exchange | |
| Strengthening communities | |
| - jobs | |
| - hospitality industry training | |
| - reducing out migration | |
| - spin-offs: arts, crafts, music, | |
| food, cooking | |
| - stability |
| Benefits (cont.) |
| Facilities for tourists can benefit locals | |
| - roads | |
| - electricity | |
| - means of transport | |
| - health (eg better water, sewage treatment) | |
| - sports and rec. facilities |
| Benefits (cont.) |
| Revaluation of the local culture | |
| Local awareness and pride |
| Bad effects |
| ÒCommodificationÓ of the natives. (Fake | |
| ethnic festivals etc.) | |
| Crime: | |
| thievery, prostitution, drug dealing, | |
| pimping, begging, child abuse | |
| Standardisation: | |
| ÒHiltonÓ ÒClub-MedÓ Òsanitized for your | |
| protectionÓ |
| Bads (cont.) |
| Loss of authenticity | |
| Adaptation to tourist demands (? No. of | |
| tourists; carrying capacity?) | |
| Economic inequality (locals & tourists) | |
| Pay inequality / job friction (local | |
| employees and ex-pats) | |
| Resource-use conflicts (eg beaches) |
| Bads (cont.) |
| Bad behaviour; no respect for locals | |
| - photography | |
| - dress code | |
| - eating and greeting habits | |
| Disregard for local knowledge | |
| - biophysical (landforms, flora, | |
| (fauna) | |
| - customs, sacred places, special sites |
| Bads (cont.) |
| Proliferation of informal sector, | |
| (if there is a promise of work) | |
| - squatting, hawkers, beggars | |
| And the worst: | |
| - Procurement of all supplies and many | |
| services (engineers, architects, building | |
| materials, plumbing and electrical gear, | |
| bedding, food, booze, geegaws) | |
| from overseas. | |
| - Coupled with overseas ownership of airlines, cruise-ships, and resorts themselves, means that most profits are repatriated to the ÒwestÓ. |